##### 非谓语动词 - 非谓语动词 - 非谓语动词是指不具备时态和人称变化的动词形式, 它们不充当谓语, 常见的非谓语动词包括动词[[不定式]], [[动名词]]和[[分词]]. 其中动名词和现在分词界限比较模糊, 动名词: a waiting room 候车室; a sleeping bag 睡袋; 现在分词: a barking dog 一只正在叫的狗; a flying bird 一只正在飞的鸟 | | 动词不定式 | 动名词 | 现在分词 | 过去分词 | | --- | ------------ | ----------- | ----------- | ----------- | | | 主动的、将来的 | 主动的 | 主动的、现在进行的 | 被动的、完成的、过去的 | | 一般式 | to do | doing | doing | done | | 进行式 | to be doing | - | - | - | | 完成式 | to have done | having done | having done | - | - 非谓语动词句法功能 - [[非谓语动词作主语]] - [[非谓语动词作宾语]] - [[非谓语动词作定语]] - [[非谓语动词作表语]] - [[非谓语动词作补语]] - [[非谓语动词作状语]] - 示例 - She is excited **to be doing** an internship at a prestigious company. (她很兴奋能在一家知名公司实习) - She hopes **to have finished** the project by the end of the week. (她希望在这周末之前完成这个项目) - **Having finished** her presentation, she felt relieved and proud of her hard work. (完成了她的演示后，她感到轻松和为自己的努力感到骄傲)